Earlier this month, FGV?s Center for Regulation and Infrastructure Studies (CERI) held the workshop ?Urban Mobility and Sanitation ? City Challenges?. The event gathered experts in both subjects to discuss feasible alternatives for city governments to overcome challenges in these areas.The first part of the event focused on urban mobility. The opening panel featured economist Sergio Werlang, from CERI?s board, professor Joisa Dutra, and the secretary of mobility of the Ministry of Cities, José Generoso. The topic was discussed by Vicente Loureiro, executive director of the Metropolitan Chamber of Rio de Janeiro, who presented the Strategic Plan for Integrated Urban Development in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area. Matthias Finger, dean of the Florence School of Regulations, spoke about international regulation and governance models, while Armando Castelar, from FGV?s Brazilian Institute of Economics (IBRE), addressed economic prospects and their effects on the transportation sector.The second panel turned to the challenges of private participation in the water and sewage sector in Brazil. Alceu Segamarchi Junior, environmental secretary of the Ministry of Cities, and Marilene Ramos, director of infrastructure of the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES), introduced the theme, along with Werlang and Dutra. The topic was debated by Jorge Ducci, IDB senior economist, Ricardo Barreto Vasconcelos, director of Compesa, and Ana Paula Medina, executive director of Prolagos.According to Joisa Dutra, Brazilian society must discuss these issues to effectively solve people?s problems. ?The debate must focus on service provision. What matters for citizens is knowing that they?ll have access to water whenever they need, and that sewage will be disposed of appropriately. The same goes for public transport users, who should have access to an affordable service with predictable offer and vehicles in good condition. This requires public policies to be developed technically, based on best practices, and with an assessment of results,? she said.