FGV at COP 30: event marks the launch of GEO Brazil 2025 at COP30

On November 18th, at 3 PM, during COP30, the report GEO Brazil 2025: State and Perspectives of the Environment will be launched at the UN Pavilion (Blue Zone). The initiative is coordinated by the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (MMA), with Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV) leading the executive coordination, technical and financial support from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and collaboration from the Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA). The document presents unprecedented analyses and highlights urgent challenges to face the environmental and climate crisis in Brazil. 

Among the highlights, the report reveals that spending on the environment represented only 0.26% of the federal budget between 2001 and 2022; about 30% of municipalities lack basic infrastructure for environmental management; and ecosystems such as Pantanal and Cerrado recorded historical temperature increases, reaching 3 °C and 4 °C. Air pollution causes around 51,000 premature deaths per year, while only 52.2% of sewage is treated—a figure that drops to under 20% in the North region. 

The document also points to the expansion of agriculture and livestock over native ecosystems, which increased the occupied area from 187.3 to 282.5 million hectares between 1985 and 2022, accompanied by a 108% increase in pesticide sales. Despite Brazil's leadership in renewable energy, the sector became more carbon-dependent, rising from 11.3% to 18.3% of national emissions between 2002 and 2023. 

Based on the DPSIR (Driving Forces, Pressures, State, Impact, and Responses) methodology from UNEP, used in global GEO reports and adapted to the Brazilian context, GEO Brazil 2025 includes the contributions of some of the country’s leading specialists on environmental issues and offers a robust diagnosis of the interrelations among social, economic, and environmental systems, while pointing out historical and emerging challenges as well as opportunities for a just and resilient green transition. The publication is a strategic resource to strengthen governance, guide public policies, and support international negotiations. 

For researcher José Antônio Puppim from the São Paulo School of Business Administration (FGV EAESP), GEO Brazil 2025 is more than an environmental diagnosis; it is a call to action: 

“The document shows, based on scientific data, where we are and what paths we need to follow to integrate economic development and environmental protection. This vision is essential for Brazil to meet its climate goals and capitalize on its enormous potential to lead the transition to a more sustainable economy,” emphasized the researcher, who also coordinates the FGV Earth study center at FGV EAESP. 

To participate in the launch event of GEO Brazil 2025, register here. 

Comprehensive coverage of Fundação Getulio Vargas's participation at COP30, including agendas, exclusive content, and institutional contributions to global climate action, is available on the FGV Climate Agenda Platform.