Sanctioned in May this year, the Migration Act established new guidelines for the sector’s policies, posing new challenges for public administration. Changes to the structures of public entities and the provision of services should occur within 180 days after the bill passes – allowing any adjustments to be made by November 21. Within this context, understanding the underlying processes of Brazil’s immigration policy, as well as identifying potential bottlenecks, is essential to guide public entities to interact more effectively and efficiently.

A recent study by FGV’s Department of Public Policy Analysis (DAPP) focused on the governmental processes linked to labor migration, analyzing the quality of public services provided based on a context diagram, which illustrates the interaction between entities to fulfill their responsibilities and the respective results obtained. Therefore, the study analyzed the performance and responsibilities of entities involved in the insertion of foreigners into the job market, according to the former Foreigner’s Statute and other related legal provisions.

The Brazilian government’s immigration policy is structured by three ministries and the Federal Police, establishing three possible entry points for immigrants: foreigners abroad, companies that require workforce, and foreigners in the country.

Despite not showing any overlapping functions, such division of competencies among ministries breaks up immigration monitoring efforts in Brazil. In addition, the low level of integration between the ministries’ data scatters the information regarding foreigners coming to Brazil. The fact is that the profusion of systems that do not communicate with each other generates incomplete information, which hinders the management of migration policies.

Therefore, analyses suggest that there is a great need to integrate actions and systems among all entities involved in Brazil’s immigration policy, seeing as each of them performs different subprocesses that are inherently interconnected. Creating an integrated platform would generate more accurate information and enhance the efficiency of actions in this sector. In addition, such integration would allow for more accurate studies and statistics regarding the attraction of qualified workforce into the country, subsidizing eventual adjustments in immigration policies.

Therefore, the study concluded that the institutional development of Brazil’s immigration policy in the 21^st century depends on more efficient processes, which means cutting down on the red tape and making the available information more accurate and clear, in order to improve the relationship between companies and immigrants, whose needs require effective and constant care. Simplifying and standardizing the documentation required by Article 6 of Normative Resolution (RN 104/2013) is just as important. These points could be covered in a new process modeling that meets the requirements of the new law, in addition to harmonizing and consolidating all databases that are currently dispersed among the entities involved.

FGV's mapping, in Portuguese: